A 1000 Watt electrical heater uses 1000 J/sec of electrical energy. If it is 60% efficient, then the heater converts 60% of the electrical energy into heating water and 40% is wasted by being transformed into heat.
-The 60% efficiency (40% waste) increasing disorder.
-This is the law of increasing entropy. It states that the entropy of the universe increases with every physical process (change) that occurs. Entropy refers to the level of disorder, randomness, or chaos, of a system. The higher the randomness of a system, the higher its entropy. The more organized a system, the lower its entropy.
As a result of the second law of thermodynamics, no process requiring an energy conversion is ever 100% efficient because much of the energy is dispersed as heat, resulting in an increase in entropy. An automobile engine, which converts the chemical energy of gasoline to mechanical energy, is between 20 and 30% efficient. That is, only 20 to 30% of the original energy stored in the chemical bonds of the gasoline molecules is actually transformed into mechanical energy, or work.
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